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Orange, New Jersey From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Orange, New Jersey ¡ª??Township??¡ª City of Orange Township Map of City of Orange in Essex County. Inset: Location of Essex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey. Census Bureau map of Orange, New Jersey Coordinates: 40¡ã46¡ä05¡åN 74¡ã14¡ä08¡åW? / ?40.76804¡ãN 74.235692¡ãW? / 40.76804; -74.235692Coordinates: 40¡ã46¡ä05¡åN 74¡ã14¡ä08¡åW? / ?40.76804¡ãN 74.235692¡ãW? / 40.76804; -74.235692 Country
United States State
New Jersey County
Essex Incorporated
November 27, 1806 (as township) Reincorporated
April 3, 1872 (as city) Government ???Type
Faulkner Act Mayor-Council ???Mayor
Dwayne D. Warren (term ends June 30, 2016)[1][2] ???Administrator
John Mason[3] ???Clerk
Dwight Mitchell[3] Area[4] ???Total
2.201?sq?mi (5.700?km2) ???Land
2.199?sq?mi (5.694?km2) ???Water
0.002?sq?mi (0.005?km2) ?0.09% Elevation[5]
164?ft (50?m) Population (2010 Census)[6][7][8][8][9][8] ???Total
30,134 ???Density
13,705.7/sq?mi (5,291.8/km2) Time zone
Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) ???Summer?(DST)
EDT (UTC-4) ZIP codes
07050-07051[10] Area code(s)
862/973 FIPS code
3401313045[11][12][4] GNIS feature ID
1729742[13][4] Website
http://www.ci.orange.nj.us
The City of Orange is a township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township population was 30,134.[6][8][7] The population declined by 2,734 (-8.3%) from the 32,868 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 2,943 (+9.8%) from the 29,925 counted in the 1990 Census.[14]

Orange was originally incorporated as a township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on November 27, 1806, from portions of Newark Township. Portions of the township were taken on April 14, 1834, to form the now-defunct Clinton Township. On January 31, 1860, Orange was reincorporated as a town. Portions of the town were taken to form South Orange Township (April 1, 1861, now known as Maplewood), Fairmount (March 11, 1862, now part of West Orange), East Orange Township (March 4, 1863) and West Orange Township (April 10, 1863). On April 3, 1872, Orange was reincorporated as a city.[15] In 1982, the name was changed to the "City of Orange Township" to take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies.[16][17] Orange is often joined with neighboring East Orange, South Orange and West Orange and referred to as part of "the Oranges".
Contents 1 Geography
2 Demographics 2.1 2010 Census
2.2 2000 Census 3 Government 3.1 Local government
3.2 Federal, state and county representation
3.3 Politics 4 Emergency services 4.1 Fire Department 5 History
6 Education
7 Commerce
8 Transportation
9 Notable residents
10 Points of interest
11 See also
12 References
13 External links [edit] Geography

City of Orange township is located at 40¡ã46¡ä05¡åN 74¡ã14¡ä08¡åW? / ?40.76804¡ãN 74.235692¡ãW? / 40.76804; -74.235692 (40.76804,-74.235692). According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 2.201 square miles (5.700 km2), of which, 2.199 square miles (5.694 km2) of it is land and 0.002 square miles (0.005 km2) of it (0.09%) is water.[18][4]

[edit] Demographics Historical populations Census
Pop. %¡À 1860
8,877 ¡ª 1870
9,348 5.3% 1880
13,207 41.3% 1890
18,844 42.7% 1900
24,141 28.1% 1910
29,630 22.7% 1920
33,268 12.3% 1930
35,399 6.4% 1940
35,717 0.9% 1950
38,037 6.5% 1960
35,789 ?5.9% 1970
32,566 ?9.0% 1980
31,136 ?4.4% 1990
29,925 ?3.9% 2000
32,868 9.8% 2010
30,134 ?8.3% Population sources:1860-1980[19]

1890-1910[20] 1860-1930[21]

1900-1990[22] 2000[23] 2010[6][8][7] [edit] 2010 Census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 30,134 people, 11,202 households, and 6,878 families residing in the township. The population density was 13,705.7 inhabitants per square mile (5,291.8?/km2). There were 12,222 housing units at an average density of 5,558.9 per square mile (2,146.3?/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 12.80% (3,857) White, 71.83% (21,645) African American, 0.57% (173) Native American, 1.51% (455) Asian, 0.02% (6) Pacific Islander, 9.95% (2,999) from other races, and 3.32% (999) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.67% (6,531) of the population.[6]

There were 11,202 households out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.6% were married couples living together, 24.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.6% were non-families. 32.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.38.[6]

In the township the age distribution of the population shows 25.0% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.4 years. For every 100 females there were 89.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.1 males.[6]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $40,818 (with a margin of error of +/- $1,616) and the median family income was $44,645 (+/- $4,033). Males had a median income of $34,986 (+/- $3,16

versus $36,210 (+/- $2,706) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $19,816 (+/- $1,027). About 16.2% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 20.6% of those age 65 or over.[24][25]

[edit] 2000 Census

As of the 2000 United States Census[11] there were 32,868 people, 11,885 households, and 7,642 families residing in the township. The population density was 14,903.7 people per square mile (5,742.3/km2). There were 12,665 housing units at an average density of 5,742.8 per square mile (2,212.7/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 13.20% White, 75.10% African American, 0.34% Native American, 1.26% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 5.21% from other races, and 4.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12.47% of the population.[23]

There were 11,885 households out of which 33.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.7% were married couples living together, 26.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.38.[23]

In the township the population was spread out with 27.7% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 32.2% from 25 to 44, 19.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 86.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.1 males.[23]

The median income for a household in the township was $35,759, and the median income for a family was $40,852. Males had a median income of $33,442 versus $29,520 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,861. About 15.4% of families and 18.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.[23]

As part of the 2000 Census, 75.10% of Orange's residents identified themselves as being African American, one of the highest percentages of African American people in the United States, and the fourth-highest in New Jersey (behind Lawnside at 93.6%, East Orange at 89.46%, and Irvington at 81.66%) of all places with 1,000 or more residents identifying their ancestry.[26]

Orange has a large Haitian American population, with 11.4% of residents identifying themselves as being of Haitian ancestry, the highest of any municipality in New Jersey and the eighth-highest in the United States.[27]

Although still a small percentage of total residents, Orange and East Orange have the largest concentrations of Guyanese Americans in the country. In the 2000 Census, 2.9% of Orange residents identified as being of Guyanese ancestry. While Queens and Brooklyn had larger populations in terms of raw numbers, Orange and East Orange (with 2.5%) had the highest percentages of people of Guyanese ancestry as a portion of the total population of all places in the United States.[28]

[edit] Government Municipal Building [edit] Local government

Orange is governed under the Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council) form of municipal government, with a directly elected mayor and a City Council consisting of four ward representatives and three at-large representatives. Councilmembers serve four-year terms of office on a staggered basis with the four ward seats and the three at-large seatscoming up for election on an alternating cycle, and are elected on a non-partisan basis every two years.[29]

As of 2012[update], the Mayor of Orange is Dwayne D. Warren [30] Members of the City Council are Council President Tency A. Eason (North Ward, 2014), Council Vice President Donna K. Williams (At-Large, 2016), Elroy A. Corbitt (At-Large, 2016), Hassan Abdul Rasheed (West Ward, 2014), Linda Jones-Bell (East Ward, 2014), April Gaunt-Butler (At-Large, 2016) and Edward B. Marable, Jr. (South Ward, 2014).[31][32]

[edit] Federal, state and county representation

City of Orange Township is in the 10th Congressional district[33] and is part of New Jersey's 34th state legislative district.[8][34] Prior to the 2011 reapportionment following the 2010 Census, City of Orange Township had been in state legislative district 27.[33]

New Jersey's Tenth Congressional District was represented by Donald M. Payne (D, Newark), until his death on March 6, 2012.[35] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken).

The 34th District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Nia Gill (D, Montclair) and in the General Assembly by Thomas P. Giblin (D, Montclair) and Sheila Y. Oliver (D, East Orange).[36] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[37] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[38]

Essex County's County Executive is Joseph N. DiVincenzo, Jr.[39] The executive, along with the Board of Chosen Freeholders administer all county business. The county's Board of Chosen Freeholders consists of nine members, four elected on an at-large basis and one from each of five wards, who serve terms of office on a concurrent basis.[40] As of 2011 Essex County's Freeholders are Freeholder President Blonnie R. Watson (at large)[41], Freeholder Vice President Ralph R. Caputo (District 5)[42], Rufus I. Johnson (at large)[43], Donald Payne Jr. (at large)[44], Patricia Sebold (at large)[45], Samuel Gonzalez (District 1)[46], D. Bilal Beasley (District 2)[47], Carol Y. Clark (District 3)[48] and Linda Lordi Cavanaugh (District 4).[49][50]

[edit] Politics

On the national level, Orange leans strongly toward the Democratic Party. In the 2008 election, Democrat Barack Obama received 95.5% of the vote here (10,001 ballots), outpolling Republican John McCain, who received 3.8% (397), with 10,476 of 15,388 registered voters participating, for a turnout percentage of 68.1%.[51] In the 2004 election, Democrat John Kerry received 89.6% of the vote here (8,000 ballots), outpolling Republican George W. Bush, who received 9.1% (811), with 8,931 of 14,409 registered voters participating, for a turnout percentage of 62.0%.[52]

[edit] Emergency services
[edit] Fire Department Central fire station
The City of Orange is served by the professional firefighters of the city of Orange Fire Department (OFD). Founded in 1872, the OFD operates out of one Fire Station, located at 419 Central Avenue, and operates a fire apparatus fleet of three engines, one truck, and numerous other special, support, and reserve units. The current Acting Chief of Department is Robert Manganelli.[53]

[edit] History

Orange had its origins in Connecticut's New Haven Colony. In 1666, barely three decades after settling there, 30 of New Haven's families took the perilous journey by water to found "a town on the Passayak" River. They arrived on territory now encompassing Newark, the Oranges, and several other municipalities. The area was situated in the northeast portion of a land grant conveyed by King Charles II of England to his brother James, Duke of York. In 1664, James conveyed the land to two proprietors, Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. Since Carteret had been Royal Governor of the Isle of Jersey, the territory became known as "New Jersey."

Orange was initially a part of the city of Newark, but it was originally known as "Newark Mountains". On June 7, 1780, the townspeople of Newark Mountains officially voted to adopt the name Orange.[54] At the time, there was a significant number of people in favor of secession from Newark. However, this would not occur until November 27, 1806, when the territory now encompassing all of the Oranges was finally detached. On April 13, 1807, the first government was elected, but not until March 13, 1860 was Orange officially incorporated as a city. Immediately, the new city began fragmenting into smaller communities, primarily because of local disputes about the costs of establishing paid police, fire, and street departments. South Orange was organized on January 26, 1861; Fairmount (later to become part of West Orange) on March 11, 1862; East Orange on March 4, 1863; and West Orange (including Fairmount) on March 14, 1863.

Orange is located on the Newark and Mount-Pleasant Turnpike, the main road from Newark to Morristown, and ultimately to Easton, Pennsylvania. The town became a busy thoroughfare for travelers, and hotels abounded. Initially, the stagecoach was the primary method of transportation. Omnibuses of the Eclipse and the Morris & Newark Lines serviced Orange. The Morris and Essex Railroad arrived in Orange in November 1836, its first cars drawn by horses. On October 2, 1837, the first steam locomotive appeared, and the horses were, with minor exception, relegated to pasture. The "M&E" later became a part of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DL&W), which exists today as New Jersey Transit's Morristown Line. Trolley cars appeared much later, with the Orange and Newark Horse Car Railroad Company running its first car up Main Street in May 1862. The Orange Crosstown Line, eventually extending from Morris Street, Orange, to Bloomfield, was started in June 1888. (The first electric trolley in the State of New Jersey operated over a section of this line.) Eventually, all of the trolleys, and the buses that replaced them, became part of the sprawling Public Service Coordinated Transport System.

Orange was an industrial city from the outset. Early settlers found a profuse growth of hemlock trees, an ideal supply of tannic acid for the tanning industry, and boot and shoemaking factories soon flourished.

Hatmaking was the essential industry, and can be traced to 1792. By 1892, 21 firms were engaged in that trade, employing over 3,700 people in plants that produced about 4.8 million hats, which had a combined value in excess of $1 million. By 1921, however, only five firms were left, and by 1960, all had departed for places such as Norwalk and Danbury, Connecticut.

Beer was a major revenue producer in Orange beginning in the early 1900s, when the three Winter Brothers of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, arrived in the city and built the first brewery. The Orange Brewery was constructed in 1901 at a reported cost of $350,000. The production of beer ceased with prohibition in 1920, and after the repeal of the Volstead Act in 1933, the brewery was sold to John F. Trommers of Philadelphia. Trommers brewed beer under that label until 1950, when the concern was again sold to Liebmann Breweries, Incorporated, which bottled Rheingold Beer. Eventually, after several additional owners, the plant was closed permanently in 1977.

Other notable firms located in Orange were the Monroe Calculating Company, manufacturers of the patented adding machines of the same name, and the Bates Manufacturing Company, producers of office accessories such as staplers and stampers. The United States Radium Corporation was a notorious resident of Orange. This firm refined ore and extracted the radium used to make luminous paint for dials and hands of watches and other indicators. It was only years later that the terrible carcinogenic effects of this material became known, and the polluted site of the factory became a thorn in the side of the city.[55]

Orange has produced such notables as baseball's Monte Irvin and Heavyweight Boxer Tony Galento. Actor William Bendix lived and worked here for a short while. It was once the barmaking capital of the United States, as several brothers founded the "No-Name Hat Company," before one of them moved on to make fedoras in Philadelphia under the family name, "Stetson". Presidents, presidential candidates, and governors visited. Orange threw a grand party on its 100th anniversary, and another when it turned 150.

Once a multiethnic, economically diverse city, Orange suffered indirectly from the 1967 riots in Newark (even though Newark and Orange do not share a border) and directly from the construction of Interstate 280 through the heart of the downtown area, triggering middle-class "white flight" from aging industrial towns to the new automobile suburbs being built in western Essex County and elsewhere. By the end of the 1970s, Orange had many of the urban ills normally associated with larger cities.

In 1982, citizens voted overwhelmingly to change the designation of Orange from a city to a township, thereby making it eligible for federal Revenue Sharing funds.[17] In 1985, the State of New Jersey named Orange as a State Urban Enterprise Zone, creating tax breaks and investment incentives.[17]

[edit] Education Orange Middle School Lincoln Avenue School
The Orange Board of Education serves public school students in kindergarten through 12th grade. The district is one of 31 Abbott Districts statewide.[56]

Schools in the district (with 2009-10 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[57]) are eight elementary schools serving grades PreK/K-6 (except as indicated) ¡ª Central School (261 students; grades K-6), Cleveland Street School (293; K-6), Forest Street School (315; PreK-6), Heywood Avenue School (386; PreK-6), Lincoln Avenue School (463; K-6), Oakwood Avenue School (253; PreK-6), Park Avenue School (345; K-7) and Rosa Parks School (665; K-8, formerly Main Street School) ¡ª Orange Preparatory Academy for grades 7-8 (416, formerly Orange Middle School) and Orange High School for grades 9¨C12 (1,099).

The Orange Public Library collection contains 150,000 volumes and circulates 56,000 items annually.[58] Built as the Stickler Memorial Library,[59] the imposing structure designed by McKim, Mead, and White opened in 1901.[60]

[edit] Commerce

Portions of Orange are part of an Urban Enterprise Zone. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3?% sales tax rate (versus the 7% rate charged statewide).[61]

[edit] Transportation

The Orange and Highland Avenue stations provide New Jersey Transit train service along the Morris & Essex Lines (formerly Erie Lackawanna Railway). Service is available via the Kearny Connection to Secaucus Junction and Penn Station in Midtown Manhattan and to Hoboken Terminal. Passengers can transfer at Newark Broad Street or Summit to reach the other destination if necessary.

New Jersey Transit buses in Orange include the 21, 24, 34, 41, 44, 71, 73 and 79 routes providing service to Newark, New Jersey and local service on the 92 and 97 routes.[62]

[edit] Notable residents

Notable current and former residents include:
Walter G. Alexander (1880¨C1953), first African American member of the New Jersey Legislature.[63][64]
Jay Alford (born 1983), defensive tackle for the Oakland Raiders drafted in the 3rd Round of the 2007 NFL Draft (81st overall).[65]
John L. Blake (1831¨C1899), represented New Jersey's 6th congressional district from 1879 to 1881.[66]
Cory Boyd (born 1985), former starting tailback for the University of South Carolina.[67] and drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the 7th round (238th pick overall) of the 2008 NFL Draft.
Samuel P. Bush (1863¨C194

, industrialist and patriarch of the Bush political family.[68]
John Condit (1755¨C1834), United States Representative and a United States Senator from New Jersey.[69]
Silas Condit (1778¨C1861), represented New Jersey in the United States House of Representatives from 1831 to 1833.[70]
John Crotty (born 1969), former NBA basketball player.[71][72]
Constance Adams DeMille (1874-1960), actress and wife of director Cecil B. DeMille.[73]
Charles N. Fowler (1852¨C1932), represented 5th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1895 to 1911.[74]
Tony Galento (1910¨C1979), heavyweight boxer.[75]
Al Harrington (born 1980), professional basketball player currently playing for the NBA's Denver Nuggets.[76]
George Huntington Hartford (1833-1917), Mayor from 1878 to 1890 and owned the Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company, the country's largest food retailer at the time of his death.[77]
Beatrice Hicks (1919¨C79), founder of the Society of Women Engineers in 1950.[78]
Dul¨¦ Hill (born 1975), actor.[79]
Mark Kelly (born 1964), astronaut. He first went into space as the pilot for STS-108 Endeavour (December 5¨C17, 2001), and returned to space with STS-121 in 2006 as the pilot. His twin brother, Scott Kelly, is also in the Astronaut Corps.[80]
John B. Mason (1858¨C1919), stage actor.[81]
George McClellan (1826¨C1885), American Civil War general and later Governor of New Jersey, died here.[82]
John Milnor (born 1931), mathematician known for his work in differential topology, K-theory and dynamical systems and recipient of the Fields Medal, Wolf Prize, and Abel Prize.[83]
Daniel F. Minahan (1877¨C1947), served as mayor of Orange from May 1914 until August 1919, and represented New Jersey's 6th congressional district from 1919 to 1921 and again from 1923 to 1925.[84]
Col. Henry Steel Olcott (1832¨C1907), founder and first president of the Theosophical Society, first well-known person of European ancestry to make a formal conversion to Buddhism, helped create a Buddhist renaissance, assisted in designing the Buddhist flag, a national hero of Sri Lanka.[85]
Daniel Quillen (1940¨C2011), mathematician known for being the "prime architect" of higher algebraic K-theory and recipient of the Fields Medal.[86]
Jim Ringo (1931¨C2007), NFL player for the Green Bay Packers and Philadelphia Eagles, member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.[87]
Dick Savitt (born 1927), tennis player who reached a ranking of # 2 in the world.[88]
Roy Scheider (1932¨C200

, actor.[89]
Terrell Willis, running back who played in the NFL with the New York Jets.[90] [edit] Points of interest Rosedale Cemetery
St. Johns Catholic Cemetery
Orange Reservoir [edit] See also Radium Girls, the name given to a group of women who were harmed, and ultimately died, from radiation exposure at a factory in Orange. [edit] References ^ Lee, Eunice. "Montclair, Orange swear in new mayors", The Star-Ledger, July 2, 2012. Accessed July 5, 2012. "Orange and Montclair swore in new mayors Sunday as both towns ushered in new leadership. In Orange, Dwayne D. Warren took office as mayor, switching roles from a different position in city hall. "
^ 2012 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, April 26, 2012. Accessed July 5, 2012. Note that Eldridge Hawkins is lasted as mayor with a term-end year of 2012 as of the date accessed.
^ a b Departments, City of Orange Township. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ a b c d Gazetteer of New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: City of Orange Township, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ a b c d e f DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for City of Orange township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 14, 2011.
^ a b c Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for City of Orange township, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 14, 2011.
^ a b c d e f Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 14. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ "2010 Census Populations: Essex County", Asbury Park Press. Accessed October 6, 2011.
^ Look Up a ZIP Code, United States Postal Service. Accessed October 6, 2011.
^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.?
^ A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2008-01-31.?
^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606-1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. pp. 130-131. Accessed July 6, 2012.
^ New Jersey State Commission on County and Municipal Government, Modern Forms of Municipal Government, 1992, Chapter VI: Municipal Names and Municipal Classification
^ a b c Historical Overview, City of Orange Township. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2011-04-23.?
^ Andriot, John L. Population Abstract of the United States: Tables, p. 523. Andriot Associates, Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ "Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890", United States Census Bureau, p. 336. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ "Fifteenth Census of the United States?: 1930 - Population Volume I", United States Census Bureau, p. 711. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 2, 2009. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ a b c d e Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for City of Orange township, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for City of Orange township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for City of Orange township, Essex County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ African American Communities, EPodunk. Accessed August 25, 2007.
^ Guyanese Communities, EPodunk. Accessed April 3, 2011.
^ Guyanese Communities, EPodunk. Accessed August 21, 2006.
^ 2005 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2005, p. 125.
^ Office of the Mayor, City of Orange Township. Accessed July 2, 2012.
^ City of Orange City Council, City of Orange Township. Accessed July 2, 2012.
^ Municipal Officials in Essex County: As of January 2012, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ a b 2011 New Jersey Citizen¡¯s Guide to Government, p. 62, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ Hernandez, Raymond. "Donald M. Payne, First Black Elected to Congress From New Jersey, Dies at 77", The New York Times, March 6, 2012. Accessed March 7, 2012. "Representative Donald M. Payne, a former chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus who achieved a long-held goal of becoming the first black congressman from New Jersey, died on Tuesday in Livingston, N.J. He was 77."
^ Legislative Roster 2012-2013 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 11, 2012.
^ "About the Governor". State of New Jersey. http://www.nj.gov/governor/about/. Retrieved 2010-01-21.?
^ "About the Lieutenant Governor". State of New Jersey. http://www.nj.gov/governor/lt/. Retrieved 2010-01-21.?
^ Essex County Executive, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Definition of a Freeholder, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Blonnie R. Watson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Ralph R. Caputo, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Rufus I. Johnson, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Donald M. Payne, Jr., Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Patricia Sebold, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Samuel Gonzalez, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ D. Bilal Beasley, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Carol Y. Clark, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Linda Lordi Cavanaugh, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ The Board of Chosen Freeholders, Essex County, New Jersey. Accessed January 3, 2011.
^ Presidential General Election Results: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State, December 23, 2008. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ 2004 Presidential Election Results: Essex County, New Jersey Department of State, December 13, 2004. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ Fire Department, City of Orange Township. Accessed July 5, 2012.
^ Pierson, David Lawrence. History of the Oranges to 1921: Reviewing the Rise, Development and Progress of an Influential Community ¨C Volume 1. Lewis Historical Publishing Company, New York, 1922. OCLC 3884577. See Chapter XXIX ¨C The Name Orange Adopted, Page 155. Available via Google Books
^ Frame, Paul. Radioluminescent Paint, Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Accessed September 17, 2007.
^ Abbott Districts, New Jersey Department of Education, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 15, 2009. Accessed April 3, 2011.
^ Data for the Orange Board of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ "Orange Public Library". librarytechnology.org. September 2011. http://www.librarytechnology.org/lwc-displaylibrary.pl?RC=21692. Retrieved 2011-10-06.?
^ "STICKLER MEMORIAL LIBRARY.; Ground Broken for Structure to Cost $100,000 at Orange,", The New York Times, May 14, 1900, http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60E1FFD3F5911738DDDAD0994DD405B808CF1D3, retrieved 2011-10-06?
^ "History of the Orange Public Library". Orange Public Library. http://www.orangepl.org/. Retrieved 2011-10-06.?
^ Geographic & Urban Redevelopment Tax Credit Programs: Urban Enterprise Zone Employee Tax Credit, State of New Jersey, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 25, 2009. Accessed October 6, 2011.
^ Essex County Bus / Rail Connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed October 6, 2011.
^ Staff. "W.G. ALEXANDER, 72, A JERSEYPHYSICIAN; Ex-Head of National Medical Association, First Negro in State's Legislature, Dies", The New York Times, February 6, 1953. Accessed December 18, 2011. "ORANGE, N. J. Feb. 5 - Dr. Walter G. Alexander, former president of the National Medical Association and the first Negro elected to the New Jersey Legislature, died here today at his home, 58 Webster Place"
^ Biographical information for Walter G. Alexander, The Political Graveyard.
^ Giants Select Penn State DT Jay Alford in Third Round, New York Giants, April 28, 2007. Accessed May 1, 2007.
^ John Lauris Blake, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 13, 2007.
^ Cory Boyd profile, South Carolina Gamecocks. Accessed October 30, 2007.
^ Parmet, Herbert S. George Bush: The Life of a Lone Star Yankee, p. 18. Transaction Publishers, 2001. ISBN 0-7658-0730-0. Accessed December 18, 2011. "Their son, Samuel Prescott Bush, may properly be said to have been the family's modern "founding father".... Born in Orange, New Jersey, on October 4, 1863, he left his parents behind in Staten Island when, at the age of seventeen, he crossed the Kill Van Kull and went a few miles north to the Stevens Institute of Technology."
^ John Condit, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 21, 2007.
^ Silas Condit, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 23, 2007.
^ John Crotty, Basketball-Reference.com. Accessed December 6, 2007.
^ Staff. "Crotty sailing along nicely", The Deseret News, January 4, 2002. Accessed August 19, 2011. "'Guys believe in what I'm doing, so they're going to hit me for the open pass, and trust that I'm going to make the right play,' said Crotty, an Orange, NJ, native who makes his home in Miami, one of six cities in which he's played during a 10-season NBA career."
^ Staff. "Envoy to All peoples", Boston Globe, August 12, 1956. Accessed December 14, 2011. "When DeMille was touring with EH Sothern as an actor, he met and married Constance Adams of Orange, N.J. In 1952 they celebrated their golden wedding anniversary with all the DeMille children and grandchildren."
^ Charles Newell Fowler, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 9, 2007.
^ "Beer Punch", Time (magazine), May 23, 1938. Accessed August 14, 2007. "In the Stone Age a fight was simply a fight. A throwback to Stone-Age man is potbellied Tony Galento, Orange, N. J. bartender, who shrugs his chubby shoulders at the fancy art of boxing, scoffs at the modern mode of training."
^ "Al Harrington traded for Stephen Jackson", Inside Hoops, July 15, 2004. Accessed June 4, 2008. "A 6¨C9 forward from Orange, New Jersey, Harrington prepped at St. Patrick's High in Elizabeth, NJ and he was the first player ever drafted from the high school ranks by the Pacers."
^ Levinson, Marc (2011). The Great A&P and the struggle for small business in America. Hill & Wang. ISBN?978-0-8090-9543-8.?
^ Beatrice Alice Hicks, 1919¨C1979, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Accessed December 18, 2007. "Born in Orange, New Jersey in 1919, Beatrice Hicks displayed an affinity for and aptitude in math, science, and engineering from an early age."
^ "Seen on the Screen", News & Observer, August 10, 2007. Accessed January 17, 2008. "Hill, 32, was born Karim Dule Hill in Orange, N.J. and raised in nearby Sayreville."
^ Astronaut Bio: Mark Kelly, NASA. Accessed February 24, 2008.
^ Derby, George; and White, James Terry. "John B. Mason", The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, 1916, pg. 51.
^ Rafuse, Ethan S. "George B. McClellan", The New York Times. Accessed December 18, 2011.
^ Castelvecchi, Davide; and Matson, John. "Dimension-Cruncher: Exotic Spheres Earn Mathematician John Milnor an Abel Prize: His discovery that some seven-dimensional spheres look different under the lens of calculus spurred decades of research in topology", Scientific American, March 24, 2011. Accessed April 3, 2011. "Milnor was born in 1931 in Orange, N.J., and graduated from Princeton University in 1951."
^ Daniel F. Minahan, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed July 16, 2007.
^ Janet Kerschner, The Olcott Family, Theosophical.org. Accessed January 11, 2009.
^ Segal, Graeme. "Daniel Quillen obituary: A US mathematician, he developed a key algebraic theory", The Guardian, June 23, 2011. Accessed August 19, 2011. "Born in Orange, New Jersey, Quillen won scholarships to Newark academy, and then to Harvard, where as a graduate student he worked under Raoul Bott, before going to a post at MIT."
^ Litsky, Frank. "Jim Ringo, Pro Football Hall of Fame Center, Dies at 75", The New York Times, November 21, 2007. Accessed April 3, 2011. "James Stephen Ringo was born Nov. 21, 1931, in Orange, N.J., and played high school football in Phillipsburg, N.J."
^ Staff. "Savitt Rallies to Beat Flam", Los Angeles Times, July 5, 1951. Accessed April 3, 2011. "Dick Savitt of Orange, N.J., who is seeking a sweep of the world's major amateur tennis titles, rallied from what looked like certain defeat today to vanquish Herbie Flam of Beverly Hills, 1¨C6, 15¨C13, 6¨C3, 6¨C2, and storm into the finals of the All-England..."
^ Kehr, Dave. "Roy Scheider, Actor in ¡®Jaws,¡¯ Dies at 75", The New York Times, February 11, 2008. Accessed February 24, 2008. "Born in 1932 in Orange, N.J., Mr. Scheider earned his distinctive broken nose in the New Jersey Diamond Gloves Competition."
^ Politi, Steve. "Politi: Willis remains bitter about Rutgers", The Star-Ledger, September 6, 2007. Accessed April 3, 2011. "In another time, Terrell Willis was supposed to be that player for the Scarlet Knights. As good as Rice was as a freshman, no player in Rutgers history started his career with greater promise than Willis did when the Orange native broke onto the national scene in 1993." [edit] External links City of Orange Township website
Orange Board of Education
Orange Board of Education's 2010¨C11 School Report Card from the New Jersey Department of Education
Data for the Orange Board of Education, National Center for Education Statistics
Citizens for Responsible Government website v
t
e Municipalities and communities of Essex County, New Jersey, United States County seat: Newark Cities East Orange
Newark Boroughs Caldwell
Essex Fells
Glen Ridge
North Caldwell
Roseland Townships Belleville
Bloomfield
Cedar Grove
City of Orange
Fairfield
Irvington
Livingston
Maplewood
Millburn
Montclair
Nutley
South Orange
Verona
West Caldwell
West Orange CDPs Short Hills
Upper Montclair Communities Broadway
Downtown Newark
Fairmount
Forest Hill
Halcyon Park
Ironbound
Llewellyn Park
Roseville
Seventh Avenue
Springfield/Belmont
University Heights
Vailsburg
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